The Benefits of Examples for Essay Topics

The Benefits of Examples for Essay Topics Where to Find Examples for Essay Topics The only rule to follow when selecting a topic for your college essay is to pick the topic you're eager to write about. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. While students may initially enjoy the idea of selecting an essay topic, they soon understand that the determination of essay topic ideas can be somewhat difficult. Try out another topic and do the exact 5-minute writing test till you locate a topic you know it is easy to write on. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative. It's possible to go for an intriguing topic from any area of science. Still, figuring out the very best topic for your essay isn't your only concern for a student. When prior brainstorming is finished, you might begin drafting your essay. At exactly the same time, it's a fantastic persuasive essay idea. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. Having selected a superior topic to argue about, at this point you will need to make an argumentative essay outline. In open-ended essay assignments, picking an essay topic gets crucial to the total success of the bit of writing. In terms of the organization of the last essay, it's wise to use a 5-paragraph structure. Up in Arms About Examples for Essay Topics? There are some fundamental rules when you're contemplating deciding on the subject. The primary aim of topic choice for a proposal essay is to show the idea can be put into place in practice. Naturally, you can pick any topic, nobody could ever know that you're describing experience that you never actually had, but don't forget that it is always simpler to tell the truth than to invent lies. Very often it becomes hard to choose a single topic either due to the many ideas in the student's head, or due to their complete absence. What to Expect From Examples for Essay Topics? If you're looking for college essay examples, here's a great one below. It's therefore important to thoroughly consider different college essay topics. The ideal topic for your essay is one which is aligned with your subject of study. Choosing very good essay topics for middle school must be a careful procedure, where a balance needs to be struck between topics that could be too simplistic, more acceptable for the main school, and choosing argumentative essay topics that might be too intricate or controversial. If you haven't been supplied a prompt to write about, you have to produce your own interesting creative essays. Good persuasive essay topics need to be persuasive. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. Choosing topics for argumentative essays is important for your general success. The Supreme Approach to Examples for Essay Topics If you prefer excellent paper essay examples, reach out to us here today and we are going to do our very best to supply you with the most suitable support. Instead of just immediately writing about your argumentative essay topic, you should first think about what it is you are likely to put back on your paper through a procedure of brainstorming and pre-writing. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper can help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. The very first step is where a large number of students become stuck. Anothe r reason is to observe how well students argue on unique views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. Remember your final grade significantly is based on the topic. For instance, you can opt for a topic for elementary, middle, or higher school. All About Examples for Essay Topics As a student you should have the interest to work on a specific topic and excel in the exact same. Explain your commitments, and you are going to be the type of student colleges find immensely attractive. For a student in the center school the usual topics are associated with science and history. There are several persuasive essay topics to select from to finish your high school or college assignment. When you've got a completed outline, you'll have a step-by-step guide that you're able to follow till you are done writing. You may use several examples on the web at no cost. There are several steps which you should take as a way to compose a fantastic essay. So without further ado, be low are some effective writing tips to produce your common app essay stick out! Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Examples for Essay Topics Is Wrong The multiple topics might be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. It is often as large or as small as it is possible to consider! Type and purpose are the 2 standards that impact the collection of essay topic ideas. Examples for Essay Topics - Dead or Alive? Bear in mind you can make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. Sure, with this kind of a tremendous selection of topics to select from, picking just one may be challenging. If you've ever taken an on-line class, you understand how different it can be from a standard face-to-face course. Most students have a tendency to decide on easy essay topics by talking about themselves, doing their very best to express their special qualities and trying to stick out from the remainder of the pack. Application essays about ch allenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to individuals who are rather interested in how you are going to handle the subsequent four years by yourself. Writing about nuclear weapons is always a superb idea. Luckily, you have our top-class group of writers who can assist students and teach them how to select the most suitable essay direction. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. The Ultimate Examples for Essay Topics Trick F. Bacon The main goal of the capital isn't to get as much money as possible, yet to guarantee that money causes a better life. 1 important and appropriate subject is technology. Since you can see, a number of the topics listed are new and deal with the present issues happening in the World today. Otherwise, you have to look at a number of the easy compare and contrast essay topics on the many scientific innovations. Though you're just beginning to compose essays, you shouldn't struggle attempting to develop so mething to discuss. A distinctive title will capture the interest of the reader and enhance your probability of obtaining a high score. The very best thing is to decide on a topic that will provide you with an opportunity to present new ideas or a fresh perspective on a problem. When you're picking your topic, remember that it's much simpler to write about something which you currently have interest ineven in case you don't know a good deal about it. The Hidden Treasure of Examples for Essay Topics If it's necessary to write your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. You need to completely explore the subject and ensure it is personal.

Case Study - Cialis - Ready to Market - 6941 Words

Table of Contents: Team Cialis A) Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 B) Situation Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 C) SWOT analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 1. Environment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 a. Opportunities b. Treats 2. The Firm†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 a. Strengths b. Weaknesses D) Options Generated†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 E) Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 F) Suggested Plan of Implementation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦16 1. 6th month action plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...16 a. Objectives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.16 b. Target market†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.16 c. Positioning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦16 d.†¦show more content†¦They could have chosen a compete strategy which would have the pharmaceutical product go head to head up against their main competitor Pfizer’s Viagra. Finally, they could have chosen a beat strategy, where the option is to come up with a different positioning in order to reach a broader market. The marketers obviously had a few challenges ahead of them. First, they needed to agree on the patient target market. This means they had to agree on whether to go after Viagra’s estimated six to seven million dropouts (compared to their current three million users in the U.S.), on the basis that Cialas is a longer duration medicine really which is not affected by the consumption of high-fat meals. This could have meant that the pharmaceutical would have to be marketed differently in United States opposed to Europe given the significantly different eating habits? In addition, due to limited resources, it was important to determine how marketing efforts should be targeted between physicians and patients. One possible option would be target both groups in the same manner in addition to targeting in a balanced manner. Another option includes marketing to the men and their partners so as not to alienate anyone in the process. Moreover, with Viagra’s five-year market advantage, doctors’ satisfaction with the drug was beginning to grow and there was aShow MoreRelatedProduct Team Cialis: Getting Ready to Market832 Words   |  4 PagesLecture 10: Product Team Cialis: Getting Ready to Market (case 12) 1-) The most relevant dimensions along which to segment the patient market for the Erectile Dysfuction (ED) treatment are demographic, psychographic and behavioral dimensions. With demographic segmentation, we divide the market into groups on the basis of variables such as age, family size, family life cycle, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, race, generation, nationality and social class. The prevalence ofRead MoreCialis Case Essay9153 Words   |  37 PagesHARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL 9-505-038 REV: JUl Y 2 8. 201 0 ElIE OFEK Product Team Cialis: Getting Ready to Market It was early 2002, and Mark Barbato, the executive director and global product team leader for Cialis, knew he faced a daunting task: launching a medicine for the treatment of male impotence in a market with an established leader-Viagra. 1 Not only had Viagra been generating over $1 billion in sales annually for its parent company Pfizer for three consecutive years, butRead MoreCase Analysis Cialis Essay1608 Words   |  7 PagesTracy Rucker Marketing Mid-Term 2012 March 1, 2012 Product Team Cialis: Getting Ready to Market Brief Background Erectile dysfunction’ is the failure to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual experience. It affects 150 million men globally. In March1998, Viagra (Sildenafil) was the first oral medication approved for use in ‘erectile dysfunction. Viagra had a very successful launch with a total of 600,000 prescriptions filled in the first month (April 1998), andRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pages215 221 223 223 230 236 241 246 248 250 251 255 261 4 Market and environmental analysis 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 Learning objectives Introduction: the changing business environment (or the new marketing reality) Analysing the environment The nature of the marketing environment The evolution of environmental analysis The political, economic, social and technological environments Coming to terms with the industry and market breakpoints Coming to terms with the very different future:

7 Major Painting Styles, From Realism to Abstract

Essay on Theater in the 1920s - 475 Words

In the 1920s, the theater was considered the scene of a curious conflict between realism and a freer form of theatricality. (MacGowen, viii) There were many famous playwrights of the era. Among these were Thornton Wilder and, probably the most prominent playwright, Eugene ONeill. These two authors used many of the same themes in their writing; romanticism was a popular one. However, they each also used themes and styles of writing that set them apart from other writers. The values that were promoted in the works of Thornton Wilder included those of Christian morality, the community, the family, and the appreciation of everyday pleasures. (Wilder, Discovering Authors) Wilder was more of a realist than a romantic, though in his†¦show more content†¦(ONeill, Discovering Authors) Many of his plays contain profound insights into mans inner nature, his drive to attain wealth and power. (ONeill, Multimedia Encyclopedia) His early plays suggest the beauty and impossibility of the romantic dream to which all of the characters remain true. (Carpenter, 65) Later plays turned from the always beautiful dream to the always ugly reality. (Carpenter, 67) ONeill was unique in the many different techniques he used. These included interior monologue, stream of consciousness dialogue, the aside, symbolic masks, the chorus, thematic repetition, mythological motiffs, and frank unrealism. (ONeill, Discovering Authors) During the 1920s, the theater was very popular. Many playwrights emerged from the decade more famous than what they entered. Two of these playwrights were Eugene ONeill and Thornton Wilder. ONeill wrote many of the famous plays of the 1920s. He later won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1936, the only American to do so. (ONeill, Discovering Authors) Wilder also wrote many plays during the roaring twenties. He distinguished himself from his contemporaries with his religious humanism, stylisitc virtuosity, and technical versatility. (Burbank, 27) WORKS CITED Burbank, Rex J. Thornton Wilder. second edition, Boston: Twayne Publishers, A division of G.K. Hall Co., 1978. Carpenter, Frederick I. Eugene ONeill. Boston: Twayne Publishers, AShow MoreRelatedHistory of Theater: 1890 - 19202131 Words   |  9 Pageshonor. The first Greek plays were all tragedies but eventually comedy made its way and these plays were performed at festivals all over Greece. Through the centuries theater played the main role of entertainment from noble and royalty to the common person in any city or village, and as we move into the twenties century, theater was still a huge part of the entertainment for the masses. At the start of the 20th Century, America was in full glory of its cultural adolescence, bursting with energyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 1920 American Film 1318 Words   |  6 Pages1920’s American Film During the 1920s, American Film was at the peak of its glory. 1920s Film was the biggest form of entertainment and a weekly pastime for millions of Americans, regardless of race and social background. Silent films continued to improve and innovate the film industry. Hollywood established themselves as an American force and produced hundreds of silent films. Also, Hollywood became the birthplace of â€Å"movie stars† such as Janet Gaynor, Rudolph Valentino, and Charlie Chaplin. MovieRead MoreSummary Of The Great Gatsby 1327 Words   |  6 PagesLivingston English III H Date: 11/7/2017 Dà ©cor From the 1920 s One of the major aspects of the 1920 s was dà ©cor. Art and decoration obtained a role in nearly everything during this time. 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Recent History – 19th Century and 20th Century Ukrainian Theater With the â€Å"Ukrainophile orientation clearly in ascendant†, the population of Ukraine started to push itself away from Russian influence (Magocsi 2002 pg.100). At the beginning of the 19th century, a distinct set of genres started to develop in Ukrainian theater. According to Malyutina, Ukrainian theater genres were almost alwaysRead MoreHollywood Studios And The Movie Industry Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesWarner Brothers Pictures, Paramount, RKO, Metro Goldwyn Mayer, and 20th Century Fox, each of whom owned their own film production sets and studios. Universal, United, and Columbia Pictures were also considered noteworthy, despite not owning their own theaters, while Disney, Monogram, and Republic were considered third-tier. (History Cooperative) These studios composed â€Å"The Big Five†, the film studios that controlled Hollywood for over fifty years and distributed an estimated 90% of Fiction films aroundRead MoreWomen As An Adult Female Person868 Words   |  4 Pagesto fight so we can be somewhere new tomorrow. Women were seen as housewives, who cooked cleaned, and cared for the children while their husband was bringing home the bacon. This transferred into the theater as well. Women were expected to always attend with a male escort to one, keep her safe, as theater could easily turn into a riot, and two because attending without a man suggested one was a prostitute. The invention of the matinee performance allotted women the opportunity to attend shows duringRead MoreRise Of American Theaters And Consumerist Desires1594 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Theaters And Consumerist Desires In the early twentieth century movies signified modernity by becoming the most prevalent medium of culture in the United States in a period of time where the social makeup was shifting from a predominantly middle class to working class neighborhoods that were made up of many different communities. As a direct consequence, nickelodeons, temporary storefront theaters, and vaudeville programs all flourished in the working class districts. By the late 1920s, almostRead MoreFilm : The Stage Of Innovation1067 Words   |  5 Pages2008). Ultimately, many people all over the world were attracted to film because it affected them in a manner that other forms of media had not done so before. Film peaked from the 1920s to the 1940s as it gained more attention and filmmakers, movie stars and production companies expanded and made more money. The late 1920s brought something new to film production: the possibility of recorded sound along with the images. Warner Bros. introduced a brand new program that used a Vitaphone system in 1926

Cyber Bullying And Its Health Implications - 1118 Words

Population Health Assignment 2 Introduction As technology constantly developing in recent days, the chance of getting cyber bullying has been increased as well. And this is because of accessibility to social media such as Facebook, Instragram and Twitter and widely spread of mobile phones. According to recent town newspaper ‘Cockatoo Rest News’, two teenage age suicides attributed to cyber bullying. In this report various section will be covered about cyber bulling. Since this report is aimed to increase awareness of cyber bullying and to prevent cyber bullying in Cockatoo rest, report will be focused to implement strategies to alleviate cyber bullying and to help teenage students who are suffering from cyber bullying. Moreover, health implications related to cyber bullying and action plans will be introduced. Cyber Bullying and its health implications to Cockatoo Rest Currently there are several formats of bullying in the society. Bullying is repeated verbal, physical, social or psychological behaviour that is harmful and involves the misuse of power by an individual or group towards one or more persons. (NSW Public Schools, n.d.) Cyber bullying is that bullying that uses electronic devices such as mobile phones and laptops or Internet to intentionally harass people or being aggressive with verbal abuse. Most of cyber bullying occurs through messages, SNS (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) and random chatting sites. And the reason is because in Internet or website,Show MoreRelatedCyber Bullying And Its Effects On The World Wide Web787 Words   |  4 PagesForms of Bullying According to the article, Cyber bullying and Physical bullying in Adolescent Suicide, Bullying can come in many forms; there are four types of bullying forms: the most common-physical, verbal, relational (spreading rumors) and lastly, cyber. Cyber bullying is one of the newer forms of bullying being that the world-wide web is still fairly new in the 21st centuryevery form of bullying can create some type of negative response from the victim at hand, however, victims of cyber bullyingRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects On Children And Adults Across The Globe1693 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bullying doesn’t just happen on the playground or in the workplace; it has now taken over the Internet and popular social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The term for online bullying is referred to as â€Å"cyber-bullying†. â€Å"Cyber-bullying is defined as the use of email, cell phones, text messages, and Internet sites to threaten, harass, embarrass, or socially exclude† (Patchin, 2015). Much like the face-to-face bullying some may encounter in school can cause physicalRead MoreCyber-Bullying: A Brief Research Proposal Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesform of bullying has developed – Cyber bullying. Cyber bullying can be defined as â€Å"the electronic posting of mean-spirited messages about a person,† (Merriam-Webster, 2012). This form of bullying can come through various mediums including but not limited to text messages, emails, videos, and social networking sites. There is an overwhelming amount of information that def ines cyber bullying, identifies the demographics of bullies and victims of cyber bullying, and identifies the outcomes of cyber bullyingRead MoreCyber Bullying : A Deep Seated Psychological Problem1359 Words   |  6 Pages Cyber Bullying Introduction Cyber bullying among teen occur when the teenagers harms or harass their peers over the information technology network. Cyber refers to any form of information technology and is not limited to social networks such as Facebook, blogs, twitter, SMS. It is important to note that an action can only be considered as bullying if it is repeated and conducted deliberatelyRead MoreBullying Is Bad Traditional Or Cyber Bullying?1296 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Worse Traditional -Bullying or Cyber Bullying What is Worse Traditional -Bullying or Cyber Bullying and Which is Worst Traditional or Cyber-Bullying? Patricia Spatcher Florida Southwestern State College What is Worse Traditional -Bullying or Cyber Bullying and Which is Worst Traditional or Cyber-Bullying? Bullying is the aggressive act of repetitive emotional, psychological or emotional abuse, by one or more persons over a time span. Traditionally, there are fourRead MoreBullying : A Serious Social Problem886 Words   |  4 Pagesnormal aspect of growing up, bullying in schools is increasingly being recognized as a serious social problem that should be met with organized preventative efforts to downsize it. Bullying commonly deals with three aspects such as the nature of its occurrence, the frequency it takes place, and the effects it can have on a person. While each instance is different for each person, one constant is that this is a uncomfortable situation for anyone to deal with. Bullying can be described as a negativeRead MoreBullying Is A Growing Epidemic1345 Words   |  6 PagesBullying is a growing epidemic in today’s society and has become a pressing social and educational concern. It is often dismissed as typical adolescent behavior but ignoring the problem could be detrimental to the bully, the person being bullied, and even those who stand by witnessing the unkind acts but do nothing about it. Bullying can hinder academic, social, and emotional development and because it manifests in different forms, it is important to recognize the signs and address it with allRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media1738 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent about themselves and their relationships with others than what is actual reality. Our teen’s self-concept has negatively decreased over the years with the more prevalent introduction of social media. With social media comes the risk of cyber bullying, unrealistic body images, pressure to look a certain way and the pressure to always be available and our youth is showing serious repercussions of the social media world that we are living in. Teen’s unawareness of just how much power social mediaRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying1732 Words   |  7 PagesBullying involves repeated acts of anger and violent behavior. A child who grows into this infamous term known as a â€Å"bully†, result into preying on and threatening a victim who is weaker physically, mentally and emotionally. There are four common types of bullying. It is important for parents to understand which type of bullying is concerning their child so they can understand what is happening to them and what actions should be taken to help their child. The first type of bullying is physical bullyingRead MoreCyber Bullying And The Rise Of Technology Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesthat bullying has expanded and increased in the rise of technology. Before technology bullying was a face-to-face interaction, usually at school or coming and going from school. Bullying can cause emotional, physical, or social harm. Now that Internet is available in everyone’s home and on his or her phones people can be bullied from any location not just at school. Bullies are also becoming anonymous by using fake nam es to attack their victims, making the bullies unrivaled. Cyber bullying is at

Molecular Biotechnology In Life Essay Example For Students

Molecular Biotechnology In Life Essay If you have had a can of soft drink, ate a fruit, or took some head ache medicine this morning then its very likely you have used a genetically enhanced product. Genetics is a part of biotechnology that manipulates biological organisms to make products that benefit humankind. Biotechnology is essential in our life, but there are some concerns regarding its safety. Although, biotechnology may pose some danger it is proving to be very beneficial to humankind. The first applications of biotechnology occurred approximately around 5000 BC. Back then people used simple breeding methods. Chains of plants or animals were crossed to produce greater genetic variety. The hybridized offspring then were selectively bred to produce the desired traits. For example, for about 7000 years, corn has been selectively bred for increased kernel size and additional nutrition value. Also, through selective breeding, cattle and pigs have become the major sources of animal foods for human (Encarta 99). The modern era of biotechnology started in 1953 when British biophysicist Francis Crick and American biochemist James Watson presented their double-stranded model of DNA. DNA is an extensive, chain-like structure made up of nucleotides, and in a way it looks like a twisted rope ladder (Drlica 27). In 1960 Swiss microbiologist Werner Arber had discovered restriction enzymes. This special kind of enzymes can cut DNA of an organism at precise points. In 1973 American scientists Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer removed a specific gene from one bacterium and inserted it into another using restriction enzymes. This achievement served as foundation to recombinant DNA technology, which is commonly called genetic engineering. Recombinant DNA technology is a transfer of a specifically coded gene of one organism into bacteria. Further, the host bacteria serve as a biologic factory by reproducing the transferred gene. Today biotechnologys applications are used in a variety of areas. Its used in waste management for creation of biodegradable materials, in agriculture for higher yields and quality, in medicine for production of advanced pharmaceuticals, cloning tissues and curing genetic diseases. However there is a down side to genetic engineering. It deals with dangerous bacteria which could escape the boundaries of a lab and possibly cause epidemics. Moreover, if a transgenic organism escapes, it could eliminate a range of species and thus disrupt natural balance. Since biotechnology is a necessity, some government guidelines were established for strict regulation of recombinant DNA experiments (Encarta 99). Agriculture is the largest business in the world, with assets of approximately $900 billion and about 15 million employees. Back in the 80s, there was a concern, based on population growth rates, that by the turn of the century traditional agriculture would be in a serious trouble (Hanson 68). But due to the revolutionary development of biotechnology during last couple of decades agriculture has drastically advanced. Sensational achievements were made in both plant cultivation and animal husbandry. The modification of plants has become one of the most important aspects in agriculture. Increased crop yields can be achieved through the increase of land, or increased yield per tract. Land is expensive and should be used efficiently, to do so large quantities of fertilizer, herbicides, pesticides and frequent irrigation may be necessary. Due to the increase in petroleum cost prices for nitrogen fertilizers continuously rise. Herbicides and pesticides are considered to be hazardous and very costly materials. Moreover, recurrent irrigation gradually leads to serious damage of the soil due to the salt accumulation. Eventually, increased amounts of salt in the soil result in large losses of crops (Hanson 69). Biotechnology can incorporate genes that are resistant to environmental stress, viruses, and insects. Such modified plants will be resistant to the same factors as the incorporated gene. Crop plants could be genetically engineered to manufacture functional insecticides so that they are immanently tolerant to insects. No hazardous and costly pesticides are needed for such plants resulting in very low crop maintenance costs. Moreover, biological insecticides are highly specific for a range of insects and considered to be harmless to humans and other higher animals (Glick and Pasternak 341). Plant viruses very often attack crops and cause significant damage and loss of crops. .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 , .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .postImageUrl , .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 , .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:hover , .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:visited , .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:active { border:0!important; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:active , .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2 .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubb57d44bab166e48e29c6c6ec65918c2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Arpanet (629 words) Essay Recombinant DNA technology offers a few ways to obtain natural virus resistance: viral transmission can be blocked, development of the virus can be blocked, or viral symptoms can be bypassed or resisted (Glick and Pasternak 345). Biotechnology also contributes to the development of plants with higher tolerance to environmental changes. Plants cannot avoid hazardous environmental conditions such as heat, drought, and UV radiation, so they have developed physiological ways to deal with .

Oil and Gas Production Contracts

Question: Examine and evaluate the key areas and features that governments should focus on during their negotiation process and in the drafting of contracts with the International Oil Companies? Answer: Introduction Nations that are rich in natural resources tend to use the said resources for the process of development. When oil and gas resources are discovered the governments put in a lot of efforts to comprehend the legal, technical as well as viable issues associated therewith. The foremost challenge is the process of negotiation. In this paper, we shall examine the issues that the governments should be careful about during the process of negotiations. The key areas that are required to be emphasized by the Government while negotiating with the oil companies would be analyzed in this paper. Oil-rich countries regard the oil resources of their countries as the property of the country and not of any individual entity notwithstanding the fact that the surface area belongs to any particular individual. The laws of the nations also make provisions to this effect so that the owners of the surface land may not claim the resources lying underneath. To earn revenue for the country the governments try to attract the participation of the international oil companies in the process of exploration. The oil companies negotiate on the basis of the economic, social and political issues prevailing in the oil-rich country. Since the oil companies is better equipped as regards, experience of negotiating with different countries coupled with technical knowhow and experience in the negotiation process the international oil companies appear to be optimistic, stubborn and antagonistic. Thus, it is very important for the oil companies to be extra cautious while negotiating with these companies. Projects concerning mining and exploration have the potential to make a country earn wealth but, unfortunately, most resource-rich nations lack the capability to negotiate with the oil companies so as to derive maximum benefit for their countries. Parameters of Oil Negotiations Oil contracts result as a consequence of direct negotiation between the oil companies and the government of the oil-rich countries. Various issues are associated with oil contracts. The governments mostly have an indecisive attitude in the process of negotiation. Such indecisiveness of the oil companies in the process of negotiation results from the paucity of consciousness regarding the oil field, inability to make predictions for future and lack of technical knowhow. When the governments engage in oil negotiations, they must keep in mind the following important factors. The cost of exploration, the size of oil fields and the changing markets, etc. Enough attention is not paid by the oil companies to these aspects irrespective of their severe interest. The governments of the oil producing nations have a lot at stake as regards these oil negotiations. The usual practice of the Governments is to engage experts Issues that arise in the Process of Negotiation The various issues that arise in the process of negotiation of oil contracts are of broadly two heads; the factors that are usually overlooked in the process of negotiation and the other is the conflict zone (3 oil gas contracts for Aker Kvaerner, 2007). The factors that are generally overlooked include the economic, social, political and environmental issues. The significant issues may be discussed as follows; Time Factor Factors that are time responsive are very crucial for oil contracts. These include the oil price in the market which varies with time, the economic and political condition of the host country, the possibility of varying the said factors depending on the change of these factors. The oil contracts must be drafted with such expertise that would enable it to survive the test of time. The terms should be such that it makes provision for changes depending on foreseeable and unforeseeable demands. In a nutshell, the contracts must be responsive to the changes in circumstances. As an example, we may cite the case of Norway. To entice the international oil companies, it introduced such taxation provisions that were very much profitable for the oil companies. Without such enticing provisions, it would have been difficult to attract the participation of the oil companies to such geologically taxing terrains (Babusiaux, 2004). Dealing with Indigenous Communities Though the oil companies and the governments of the oil-rich nations are the direct parties to the oil contracts, other classes of individuals are also greatly influenced as a consequence of the oil contracts. These are the indigenous communities of the host countries. These indigenous communities expect to be compensated for the use and disturbance that is caused to their property as a result of the oil exploration projects (Bantekas, 2009). The government should keep in mind the interests of these groups while negotiating with the companies. Transparency The process of negotiation must be transparent. In fact, public acceptance of the contracts depends upon the transparency of the process of negotiation. By transparency, we mean the disclosure of the contractual price and terms. But at the same time certain aspects must be kept confidential (Bhattacharyya, 2009). Transparency also serves the purpose of dealing with corruptions in the negotiation process. As a consequence of transparency, the government officials deter from including such terms in the contracts that might be subjected to criticism by the public. Conflict of Interest In negotiation of these contracts, conflict of interests is often witnessed. The Government, on the one hand, is expected to induce the participation of the oil companies so as to increase the revenue of the country which in turn would lead to employment generation and economic growth. On the other hand, as the government is a party to an international contract the government acts as a business entity with the prime intention of maximization of profit (Bindemann, 2000). Thus, the Government is supposed to maximize profits and at the same time act as a regulator of its own conduct. Thus, the contracts must be drafted keeping in mind these factors. Expert Negotiators The Government should be extra cautious while selecting the members of the negotiating team. Negotiation must be treated casually as it is more of an art than just a process. It involves undertaking good tactics, making a good plan and also the capability of segregation of nonnegotiable factors from negotiable factors. Negotiable factors mainly include compensation whereas nonnegotiable factors include regulations and consideration of the concerns of the oil companies. The Governments is in a vulnerable position in the negotiation process as compared to the oil companies (Cardella, n.d.). As far as skills, technical knowhow and financial status is concerned the position of the oil companies is far better. It is thus desirable that the governments treat the process of negotiation seriously and appoint highly skilled professionals in the negotiating team. It is essential for the oil companies to employ skilled personnel to negotiate the terms of the contract. The purpose behind these negotiations is to reach a mutually agreeable balance between the interests of the host country and also the concerned oil company. This purpose would not be served without employing successful negotiators. The companies would end up incorporating such provisions that are favorable to them (Crump, n.d.). Forms of Contract There are several types of contracts that the governments may enter into so as to give effect to the negotiation process. There are mainly four types of contracts which may be which the governments and the oil companies may elect to enter into. These four types of contracts have been discussed as under; License Agreements License or Concession Agreements give an opportunity to the oil companies the right to develop, explore, export and sell the oil which has been extracted from a specific oil field over which the said oil company has procured exclusive extractive rights for the particular period. In order to give effect to these contracts the lawyers, as well as economic and financial advisors must be included in the negotiation process of these types of contracts. In these type of contracts, the governments draft the contracts in accordance with the laws of its own country and then opens the terms for the companies to bid. The company that succeeds in the negotiation process is required to pay to the government of the host country a licensing fee. This fee is retained by the government notwithstanding production. In case, production takes place the host country would receive compensation in the form of royalty and income tax. The oil company bears all the risks associated with the exploration process . The government is at an advantageous position in these types of contracts (Ghandi and Lin, 2014). Production Sharing Agreement (also referred to as PSA') In these types of agreements the ownership of oil vests in the citizens of the host country and not on private entities. As in the case of licensing agreements even in these type of contracts, the developmental and managerial responsibilities of the oil fields are borne by the oil companies(Jennings, 2002). The risks are also borne by the oil companies. In this case as well the host government may earn signing bonus but in most cases the said right is waived by the companies so as to earn future profits. The government, however, must compensate the host government as regards the capital investment as well as expenses of operation. After the said deduction, the rest is divided between the government and the company in the agreed ratio and the burden of paying taxes is borne by the company out of its share of profits. The successes of these types of contracts are greatly dependent upon the solidarity of the domestic legal framework of the host country. If the legal system cannot rely o n then, the PSA ought to be drafted in such a manner that the agreement may become the law itself (Mahmud and Russell, 2002). Joint Venture Agreement One of the prime requirements of a joint venture agreement is that both parties concerned must be well aware of the goals and modes of conducting business of each other. This is a very important aspect, in order to render a joint venture agreement successful. This type of agreement does not evoke the interest of either party in case of oil and natural gas exploration. However, the government of the host country has the advantage of relying on the decision-making power of the oil companies under this type of agreement and does not have to make decisions all by itself. The profits accumulated out of the exploration project are shared between the company and government. But, the flip side to this is that the government also has to share the risks together with the company. Under this type of contract, the government of the host country is directly involved in the process of exploration (Marshall, 2003). Service Agreements The parties also have the option of entering into service agreements which makes way for disbursement. This type of agreement is not very common in the exploration field (Martin, 2009). Terms of Contract The below-stated terms may be commonly incorporated in any type of exploration contract. Plan of Work The oil companies have a tendency of shelving or delaying exploration projects, in case, they feel that the said project would not be much profitable for them. As a safeguard against such steps taken by the companies, the governments should lay emphasis upon the incorporation of such terms in the contract which unambiguously lay down the circumstances under which the project may be delayed or shelved (Mosburg, 1983). Stabilization Clause Governments should try and avoid the inclusion of stabilization clauses in the oil contracts because they are not very useful to the governments of the host countries (Oil and gas exploration and production: reserves, costs, contracts, 2005). In effect, these clauses restrict the application of the laws of the host country to the exploration project. Parties The government should not itself become a direct party to the exploration contracts as it will have to bear direct and unlimited liability, in such a case. It is advisable that the government enters into such contracts indirectly, by way of making any of the government enterprise a party(OIL AND GAS: New Contracts, 2008). Government Mission in connection with Negotiation The development of the country should be the sole mission and vision of the government for entering into these exploration contracts. The exploration projects generate huge profits and the Governments should aim at the welfare of the people of the country out of such profits. Moreover, the government may also require the oil companies which are huge financial reserves to donate funds for the infrastructural development of the country. The oil companies are profit oriented. They try to negotiate in such a manner so as to maximize profits as much as possible. It is the responsibility of the government to try and make maximum out of the negotiation process as in the contrary, the company would take away the major portion of the profit and the country would not be able to develop (Pongsiri, 2004). Thus, the government should emphasize the incorporation of certain specific elements in the contract. These may include the following; Employment Exploration projects require huge manpower. The indigenous communities would be highly benefitted if they are offered jobs in the exploration projects. As a consequence, the problem of unemployment o the country may be done away with (Razavi, 1989). The oil companies also are benefitted by these clauses because they would be able to mobilize local and cheap labor. Sustainable Development Since oil and natural gas are such resources which may deplete faster than regeneration, the governments must ensure that the companies are not extracting such levels of oil or natural gases that the conserves would deplete. Corporate Social Responsibility (also referred as CSR) The governments should emphasis that the oil companies perform their CSR while undertaking the project in the host country. Such provisions should be clearly incorporated in the contract (Thornton, 1912). Mechanism for Dispute Resolution The mechanism for dispute resolution must be unambiguously laid down in the contract. There are various modes of dispute resolution which the parties may decide to adopt. The parties may opt to settle their disputes through formal court proceedings or outside the traditional court proceedings. Since court proceeding are time consuming, it is advisable that the parties opt for alternative dispute resolution mechanisms as a mode of dispute resolution (Tade, 1989). The major problem with court proceedings is that the oil contracts are made at an international level and the application of the laws of the host country is not always possible. The aspect of enforceability becomes questionable in such a case. On the other hand, the parties may easily take resort to arbitration, mediation, conciliation for dispute resolution. International Commercial Arbitration laws are the most widely used mode of dispute resolution in the international context. Under this system, the parties are at liberty to chose the rules applicable, the adjudicators, place of arbitration, etc. A lot remains within the powers of the parties. The procedures are also user friendly (Soyer and Tettenborn, n.d.). Conclusion From the above discussion, we may conclude that various aspects must be considered and taken care of by the government while negotiating exploration contracts with the international oil companies. The only intention of the oil companies is to make as much profit as possible, thus, it is the duty of the government to ensure that the contract turns out to be beneficial for the country. The government should keep in mind all the above stated aspects while negotiating. The sole purpose should be to get a good bargain out of the negotiation process. References 3 oil gas contracts for Aker Kvaerner. (2007). Pump Industry Analyst, 2007(8), p.3. Babusiaux, D. (2004). Oil and gas exploration and production. Paris: Editions Technip. Bantekas, I. (2009). Oil and Gas Production Contracts. The Journal of World Energy Law Business, 2(3), pp.263-264. Bhattacharyya, S. (2009). Oil and Gas Production Contracts, Volume 1. 1st ed.20094Edited by Anthony Jennings. Oil and Gas Production Contracts, Volume 1. 1st ed. . London: Sweet and Maxwell, Thomson Reuters (Legal) Limited 2008. , ISBN: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 978à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 1à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 84703à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 750à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 3 ix +398 pp. Int J of Energy Sector Man, 3(4), pp.428-430. Bindemann, K. (2000). The response of oil contracts to extreme price movements. Oxford: Dept. of Economics [Oxford University]. Cardella, E. (n.d.). Negotiating Flexible Prices. SSRN Electronic Journal. Crump, L. (n.d.). Negotiating Climate Change. SSRN Electronic Journal. Ghandi, A. and Lin, C. (2014). Oil and gas service contracts around the world: A review. Energy Strategy Reviews, 3, pp.63-71. Jennings, A. (2002). Oil and gas exploration contracts. London: Sweet Maxwell. Mahmud, M. and Russell, A. (2002). Evidence that the terms of petroleum contracts influence the rate of development of oil fields. OPEC Review, 26(1), pp.21-44. Marshall, A. (2003). Negotiating Transcendence. Ethnologies, 25(1), p.5. Martin, T. (2009). Oil and Gas Exploration Contracts. The Journal of World Energy Law Business, 2(2), pp.173-174. Mosburg, L. (1983). Contracts used in oil and gas operations. Oklahoma City, Okla.: Institute for Energy Development. Oil and gas exploration and production: reserves, costs, contracts. (2005). Choice Reviews Online, 42(07), pp.42-4042-42-4042. OIL AND GAS: New Contracts. (2008). Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series, 45(3), pp.17792B-17792C. Pongsiri, N. (2004). Partnerships in oil and gas productionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ sharing contracts. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 17(5), pp.431-442. Razavi, H. (1989). The new era of petroleum trading. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Soyer, B. and Tettenborn, A. (n.d.). Offshore contracts and liabilities. Tade, J. (1989). Drafting indemnity provisions in oil and gas contracts. [Chicago, Ill.]: Section of Natural Resources, Energy, and Environmental Law, American Bar Association. Thornton, W. (1912). The law relating to oil and gas. Cincinnati: W.H. Anderson.